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Oaxaca Oaxaca (Our Lady of the Assumption) Cathedral 
The construction of the Oaxaca Cathedral, also known as the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Assumption, began in 1535 but was not completed until 1733. The length of time taken was due to several factors relating to the difficulty in obtaining funds for the work and for political reasons. It was also due to several earthquakes in the 16th and 18th century that necessitated repairs and modifications to the structure. There was also the ongoing desire to increase the cathedral's grandeur which also extended the construction period. Following the Spanish conquest of the region after the fall of Tenochtitlán in 1521. A chapel was built dedicated to Our Lady of the Assumption. However, due to the growing population and the increasing importance of Oaxaca, a grander structure was considered more appropriate and that was built on the site of the chapel. It was to undergo several phases with one of the most significant periods of construction in the 18th century when the building was expanded and enhanced to use the Baroque architectural style that was prevalent during that period, and that gave the cathedral its present-day appearance. The Cathedral’s main façade is made of green cantera stone, a material commonly found in Oaxaca's buildings. The façade is adorned with intricate carvings and statues, placed over the three doorways, showcasing the artistic craftsmanship of the period and depicting religious figures.  On either side of the entrance is a bell tower. The two bell towers are not the original ones, as they were destroyed in the 1931 Oaxaca earthquake and later reconstructed. They do, however, blend seamlessly with the cathedral's Baroque style and the green cantera stone façade. The doorways reflect the grandeur of its Baroque architecture. The main entrance is adorned with intricate carvings and is framed by the green cantera stone with religious figures either side. On entry, the nave with its Neoclassical design, has two side aisles.  The Neoclassical design main altar is dedicated to Our Lady of the Assumption, featuring a statue crafted in Italy during the Porfirian era, which is also known as the Porfiriato, and refers to the period when Porfirio Díaz ruled Mexico as president from 1876 until 1911. This bronze sculpture, made by Italian sculptor Tadoini, serves as the centrepiece of the altar. The altar is also adorned with intricate carvings, gold accents, and detailed religious iconography, creating a visually striking focal point within the cathedral. It has undergone restorations over time, ensuring its preservation as a key element of Oaxaca’s spiritual and architectural heritage.  The main altar is surrounded by several smaller side chapels dedicated to various saints, each with its own unique artistic elements.    The most famous chapel is the Chapel of the Lord of Lightning. Located on the left side of the cathedral this chapel is dedicated to a revered image of Christ. This wooden image, known as the Lord of Lightning, is believed to have survived a lightning strike, which is how it obtained its name. The chapel holds deep spiritual significance for the local community, and many pilgrims visit it to offer prayers and seek blessings. It has become one of the most visited and cherished chapels within the Cathedral.  Positioned centrally, the choir gallery is elevated to provide an unobstructed view of the nave and altar. The gallery's design reflects the architectural elegance of the colonial era, with intricate carvings and details that complement the overall Baroque style of the cathedral. It serves as a space for the choir and organist.  Located in the choir gallery is the Baroque pipe organ, which was built in 1711/1712 by Matías de Chávez; the organ is one of the earliest and most important instruments in Oaxaca. It features a richly carved and gilded upper case, showcasing the artistic craftsmanship of the era and includes a mix of antique and newer pipes. The organ has undergone several modifications over the years, including a major restoration in 1997 to preserve its historical character.  The Oaxaca Cathedral stands as a emblem of faith, history, and architectural splendour. From its intricate Baroque façade and towering bell towers to its revered chapels and historic pipe organ, every element conveys resilience and devotion. As visitors step through its doorways, they are not only entering a place of worship but also immersing themselves in centuries of cultural heritage. Whether admired for its artistic grandeur or cherished for its spiritual significance, the cathedral remains a cornerstone of Oaxaca's identity. |
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All Photographs were taken by and are copyright of Ron Gatepain
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